According to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, only 14% of the 141 million tonnes of plastic food and beverage packaging produced annually is recycled. The issue, according to Adam Herriott, senior specialist at WRAP, is overconsumption and the prevalence of single-use packaging. The convenience of throwing packaging in the bin without considering its next stage of life contributes to the low recycling rate. Additionally, the complexities of separating different types of polymers from each other hinder the recycling process. However, WRAP suggests that by taking responsibility, recycling can be improved and plastic pollution can be eliminated.
The UK is implementing changes in its plastic regulatory landscape. From October 1st, most types of single-use plastics will be banned, including those that are compostable, biodegradable, or recycled, for bowls, plates, trays, cutlery, and balloon sticks. The Plastic Packaging Tax, which came into force last year, applies to single-use beverage bottles and imposes a tax on packaging with less than 30% recycled plastic. Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is also being introduced, which puts the financial burden on packaging importers and suppliers to pay for collection, disposal, and recycling. Furthermore, the UK government has set recycling rate targets, aiming for a minimum of 55% of municipal waste to be recycled by 2025 and 65% by 2035. However, inconsistency in recycling infrastructure across different councils poses a challenge.
Food and beverage manufacturers have a role to play in countering the plastic problem by making their packaging more recyclable. Mono-material packaging, as opposed to multi-layered packaging, is easier to recycle. For example, pouch packaging traditionally made from multi-layered materials can be switched to a mono-material pouch made from polypropylene, improving recyclability. Brands and manufacturers also need to consider the food grade and shelf-life extension requirements of packaging. Food waste has a significant environmental impact, and packaging plays a role in reducing this waste.
Consumers also play a crucial role in recycling. Even if packaging is recyclable, it is essential for consumers to dispose of it correctly. However, confusion surrounding recyclability and differences in local recycling capabilities can hinder consumer efforts. Educating consumers about recycling and using clear labeling systems, such as the On-Pack Recycling Label, can help improve recycling rates.
Innovation in food and beverage packaging can contribute to reducing plastic use and improving recyclability. Simple changes, such as using clear plastic caps instead of colored ones, can make a difference. Swapping plastic trays for cardboard alternatives in meat packaging and introducing vacuum-packed packaging are other examples of innovations in the industry. However, there are challenges in finding packaging solutions that are both environmentally friendly and practical.
Overall, a collective effort involving governments, industry, and consumers is needed to tackle the plastic problem, improve recycling rates, and promote sustainability in the food and beverage industry.
