Food culture refers to the practices, beliefs, and attitudes surrounding food, including the significance and meaning attributed to it. Last week, Dr. Roberta Re, a food and drink investment specialist, emphasized the significance of Italian food, stating that it is not just a part of their culture but their religion. In contrast, English food has historically been viewed differently, with French philosopher Voltaire famously stating that England has “a hundred religions and only one sauce.” However, the number of good restaurants is not as important as the cultural value attached to food.
Understanding the relationship between food and culture is essential in determining why certain diets are more nutritious than others. During a panel discussion at the Italian Embassy, Professor Lorenzo Maria Donini from the University of Rome highlighted the need to return to the Mediterranean diet due to the increasing prevalence of obesity and related diseases. This diet, rich in seafood, fruits, and nuts, not only represents food but also embodies cultural values.
The importance of the Mediterranean diet is evident in Italy’s opposition to the Nutri-Score labeling scheme, which the government claims discriminates against traditional foods. Besides, the Mediterranean diet has been associated with numerous health benefits. Professor Donini emphasized that extensive research demonstrates the positive effects of this diet in preventing non-communicable diseases, while few studies focus on the role of individual nutrients or foods.
The Mediterranean diet’s appeal lies in its concern for both nutritional value and cultural heritage. Professor Daniela Martini from the Università degli Studi di Milano suggests that food culture should shift from prioritizing single nutrients to promoting the consumption of food groups that are typically consumed in lesser amounts. This approach emphasizes the importance of consuming more fruit, legumes, vegetables, and whole grains.
Food culture is influenced not only by intangible ideals but also by material circumstances. Factors such as time availability for cooking, economic resources for buying ingredients, and accessibility to specific types of food shape our perception of food. Unfortunately, in the UK, class plays a significant role in food choices, with families in challenging situations often resorting to unhealthy diets due to the high cost of healthy food, inadequate housing conditions, and time constraints.
These material circumstances also impact families’ ability to engage in cultural pursuits, which indirectly affects their overall nutrition. For families facing financial insecurity, fast food outlets become a more accessible option for spending quality time together compared to other cultural activities like the theater or cinema. This association between fast food and family time may result in more frequent visits to fast food restaurants, negatively impacting nutrition.
To address these challenges, Professor Paul Gately, CEO of Obesity UK, acknowledges the need to develop a stronger food culture in the UK, particularly for individuals who face financial constraints. While a strong food culture exists in London for those with financial means, it is essential to shape a food culture that is inclusive and accessible to everyone.
In conclusion, food culture is a crucial aspect of society, impacting both individual nutrition and collective well-being. By prioritizing the cultural and nutritional value of food, we can promote healthier diets and create a more inclusive food culture for all.
