The importance of vitamin D in supporting women’s urogenital and sexual health has been highlighted by researchers. The therapeutic effects of vitamin D include improvements in vaginal health, urological health, and sexual and pelvic floor function. These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation, whether topically or orally, may offer benefits in improving vaginal symptoms, sexual function, and potentially reducing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Menopause can lead to changes in the vaginal epithelium, pelvic floor muscles, and urinary tract, collectively known as the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Symptoms of GSM include vaginal dryness, itching and irritation, and urinary symptoms such as dysuria, increased frequency, and urgency. Vitamin D supplementation has been investigated as a potential hormonal therapy to alleviate these symptoms in postmenopausal women.
The present review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the effects of vitamin D on vaginal, sexual, and urological functions in postmenopausal women. The review highlighted the increased vitamin D requirements during menopause due to the dependence of vitamin D receptors (VDRs) on estrogen. Vitamin D intakes have been found to improve vaginal barrier integrity and regulate vaginal pH levels. Additionally, vitamin D supplementation may stimulate cathelicidin production in the urinary bladder, preventing UTIs, and may help prevent pelvic floor disorders.
While the research in this area is still limited and heterogeneous, there is a potential for vitamin D to support women’s urogenital and sexual health during the menopausal transition and postmenopausal periods. Further research is needed to determine optimal dosages, treatment durations, and long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation for menopausal women.
Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of the potential role of vitamin D in promoting women’s health. It is important for the food and beverage industry to stay updated on these trends and incorporate them into product innovation, sustainability efforts, and marketing strategies.
